Security and cryptography focus on protecting data and communications from unauthorized access and cyber threats. Cryptography uses encryption, hashing, and digital signatures to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. Applications include secure messaging, e-commerce, and blockchain. It safeguards sensitive information, prevents data breaches, and enables trust in digital systems.

Security and cryptography are fundamental to protecting digital information and ensuring secure communication in an increasingly interconnected world. Cryptography involves techniques such as encryption, hashing, and digital signatures to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. It enables secure transactions, protects sensitive information, and verifies the identity of users and systems. Applications range from secure messaging and e-commerce to blockchain technology and cybersecurity protocols. Cryptography also plays a critical role in preventing data breaches, mitigating cyber threats, and ensuring privacy in digital interactions. By creating trust in digital systems, it underpins modern technologies like online banking, cloud computing, and IoT devices. As cyber threats evolve, advancements in cryptography, including quantum-resistant algorithms, continue to strengthen defenses, making it an essential component of global cybersecurity strategies.